A clear look at how Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade advances scaling, data efficiency and validator usability across the next phase of the roadmap.
On Dec. 3, 2025, Ethereum will activate the Fusaka upgrade on mainnet, its second major hard fork of the year after Pectra in May.
Rollups now carry the bulk of Ethereum transactions and fee revenue, yet they are still constrained by how much data they can post back to the layer 1 and what it costs.
